What are the types of drilling fluid

What are the types of drilling fluid?

According to the difference of base fluid and main treatment agent, drilling fluid can be divided into the following categories:

1. Gas preparation: air, nitrogen drilling fluid

2. Made of water: aerated-foam drilling fluid, hard rubber (including micro-foam) clay drilling fluid, polymer drilling fluid and emulsified drilling fluid;

3. Non-aqueous formulations: oil-based or synthetic-based drilling fluids, all-oil-based drilling fluids and inverse emulsion drilling fluids.

The real foam drilling fluid has a surface gas content of not less than 70% (usually N2, CO2, air), while hard rubber drilling fluids include micro-foam drilling fluids, which contain less gas. Micro-foam is composed of particularly stable foam, which acts as a bridging and plugging agent (LCM) to reduce the leakage of drilling fluid in permeable formations and micro-fractured formations. Water-based drilling fluids are commonly referred to as water-based drilling fluids (WBMs), while non-water-based drilling fluids (NAFs) are often referred to as oil-based drilling fluids (OBMs), or synthetic-based drilling fluids (SBMs). The base fluids of oil-based drilling fluids are substances distilled from crude oil, including diesel, mineral oil and refined linear paraffins (LPs). Synthetic-based drilling fluids are also considered to be imitation oil-based drilling fluids. The base fluid is the reaction product of common feedstocks for ethylene products, including paraffins, esters and synthetic linear paraffins.

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